These utility types operate over union types:
- **`Exclude<Union, ExcludedMembers>`**: Removes matching members from a union.
- **`Extract<Union, ExtractedMembers>`**: Keeps only matching members from a union.
- **`NonNullable<T>`**: Excludes `null` and `undefined` from a union type.

Q27: How do `Exclude<T, U>`, `Extract<T, U>`, and `NonNullable<T>` work?

Q28: How do `ReturnType<T>` and `Parameters<T>` utility types work?

Q26: How do `Pick<T, K>` and `Omit<T, K>` utility types work?

Comprehensive technical interview collection covering structural typing, generics, conditional types, template literals, utility types, and compiler internals.

75+ Essential TypeScript Interview Questions: Beginner to Metaprogramming Expert

Q27: How do `Exclude<T, U>`, `Extract<T, U>`, and `NonNullable<T>` work? - 75+ Essential TypeScript Interview Questions: Beginner to Metaprogramming Expert

Q27: How do `Exclude<T, U>`, `Extract<T, U>`, and `NonNullable<T>` work?

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